I'm headed out the door for some sushi but I thought I'd drop in to give you an idea of what I'm working on for my next blog post. I'm hungry so let's keep this short and sweet: receive interrupt mitigation and its effects on Linux media applications.
In general I'm a big fan of receive interrupt mitigation. I'll trade some delay for a substantial decrease in system CPU time spent servicing interrupts resulting in the ability to handle more calls. I didn't just come to this one day, I've done some tests in the past to verify this.
However, I've never done a large scale test on regular, server class hardware. Usually just Asterisk on an embedded system. It usually works out well. This is why, by default, all ethernet adapters that support NAPI in Linux are enabled in AstLinux by default.
The folks at TransNexus spend a fair amount of time testing OpenSER/Kamailio/OpenSips performance. Today Jim Dalton posted the results of another test to the Kamailio User's mailing list. I replied to his post with so many questions I figured it might be time for me to lab this up myself and test my theories about interrupt handling (in Linux, specifically).
If those brighly colored rolls of fish weren't so distracting and delicious I'd promise to think about all of this over dinner. Unfortunately it will have to wait until tomorrow...
Friday, September 19, 2008
Friday, September 12, 2008
Distro Wars!
I don't like to get into Distro Wars... Nothing is more pathetic than a bunch of FOSS geeks sitting around getting religious about:
- Distros
- Editors
- Star Wars
Ok, ok I started to embrace the stereotype a little towards the end there but if you've ever seen one of these epic battles with your own eyes you just might relate it to Star Wars too.
There are always far more serious things going on in the world and these software hippies sit around and argue about what software to edit ASCII with. Ridiculous.
However, even I will throw down when people bring up the worst idea for a distro ever:
Fedora
There, I said it. I've officially fired my first shot in a war that has been raging in the Linux community since, oh, 1991 or so.
What's wrong with Fedora, you ask? Of all of the other hundreds of distros, why would I single out Fedora and waste my time writing about it? I'll tell you why:
Much like the iPhone, it's a joke.
I CRINGE. ABSOULTELY CRINGE when I see someone trying to do something serious with Fedora. At this very minute (3am), I am typing a blog post when I should be sleeping. Why you ask? Because I just saw a post on Asterisk-Users with yet another poor soul trying to bring up Asterisk on a Fedora system (Fedora 9). I couldn't possibly sleep knowing the abomination that is Fedora+Asterisk continues.
This is a perfect example to illustrate why Fedora is such a joke. One of the fundamental principles of Linux is reliability. One of the fundamental principles of telephony is reliability. By installing Asterisk on Fedora you are flying in the face of 18 years of Linux and 100+ years of telephony.
Fedora is BLEEDING EDGE. It serves as a test bed for RedHat's next REAL Linux release. How do you feel being a tester for what is sold as a commercial product by a profitable company? Bugs in Fedora are found and fixed quickly...
For six months
You can install Fedora and deal with the usual issues in beta software. Once things finally settle down (after six months or so), you get to upgrade to the next release and start all over again!
Sounds like a great plan for a server or PBX, right?
Hosting companies sell packages based on Fedora. Shame on them. People install PBX systems with Fedora. Double shame on them. The average life span for a PBX is seven years. This means that your Fedora Asterisk system is supported with updates for %7 of the typical PBX lifespan.
CentOS/RHEL/Ubuntu LTS and several other Novell/etc offerings are supported for five years or more.
Granted Fedora has it's place. It makes a nice toy, much like the iPhone. If you want to play with cutting edge Linux, Fedora is for you and it might work on a test system, desktop, laptop, etc.
But please. Please. PLEASE do not install it on a server and don't even think of using it for Asterisk. ANYTHING else will do. Seriously, I don't have a problem with any other distro. Pick one.
- Distros
- Editors
- Star Wars
Ok, ok I started to embrace the stereotype a little towards the end there but if you've ever seen one of these epic battles with your own eyes you just might relate it to Star Wars too.
There are always far more serious things going on in the world and these software hippies sit around and argue about what software to edit ASCII with. Ridiculous.
However, even I will throw down when people bring up the worst idea for a distro ever:
Fedora
There, I said it. I've officially fired my first shot in a war that has been raging in the Linux community since, oh, 1991 or so.
What's wrong with Fedora, you ask? Of all of the other hundreds of distros, why would I single out Fedora and waste my time writing about it? I'll tell you why:
Much like the iPhone, it's a joke.
I CRINGE. ABSOULTELY CRINGE when I see someone trying to do something serious with Fedora. At this very minute (3am), I am typing a blog post when I should be sleeping. Why you ask? Because I just saw a post on Asterisk-Users with yet another poor soul trying to bring up Asterisk on a Fedora system (Fedora 9). I couldn't possibly sleep knowing the abomination that is Fedora+Asterisk continues.
This is a perfect example to illustrate why Fedora is such a joke. One of the fundamental principles of Linux is reliability. One of the fundamental principles of telephony is reliability. By installing Asterisk on Fedora you are flying in the face of 18 years of Linux and 100+ years of telephony.
Fedora is BLEEDING EDGE. It serves as a test bed for RedHat's next REAL Linux release. How do you feel being a tester for what is sold as a commercial product by a profitable company? Bugs in Fedora are found and fixed quickly...
For six months
You can install Fedora and deal with the usual issues in beta software. Once things finally settle down (after six months or so), you get to upgrade to the next release and start all over again!
Sounds like a great plan for a server or PBX, right?
Hosting companies sell packages based on Fedora. Shame on them. People install PBX systems with Fedora. Double shame on them. The average life span for a PBX is seven years. This means that your Fedora Asterisk system is supported with updates for %7 of the typical PBX lifespan.
CentOS/RHEL/Ubuntu LTS and several other Novell/etc offerings are supported for five years or more.
Granted Fedora has it's place. It makes a nice toy, much like the iPhone. If you want to play with cutting edge Linux, Fedora is for you and it might work on a test system, desktop, laptop, etc.
But please. Please. PLEASE do not install it on a server and don't even think of using it for Asterisk. ANYTHING else will do. Seriously, I don't have a problem with any other distro. Pick one.
Monday, August 25, 2008
Free cell phones
Just in case you thought I was selling out to the US wireless industry with my previous post, check this out:
After looking over some phones on the Nokia website, I thought of all of those "free" phones carriers like to give away.
Here's one for comparison. The Nokia 6085 is offered in the US by AT&T wireless. Their website says it retails for $189.99. My gosh! Oh but don't you worry, as long as you sign up for two years of service (and do so online) we'll discount our $190 phone to $39.99 and then give you a $39.99 discount (you're buying online, remember). OMG! Free phone! See how that works?
Funny enough, Nokia offers the phone (just the phone) on their US website for $118. That means that right off the bat, AT&T wireless is jacking the price of the phone up $60 just for the pleasure of buying it from them.
Some of you might say "Hey, a $60 markup isn't that bad". Yeah right. AT&T wireless is NOT paying $118 for that phone. I wonder how many of them they sell and what kind of special pricing Nokia gives them. Probably not even close. Probably not even half that. I bet AT&T still makes money at the $39.99 price. I also wonder how many they sell at $189.99...
Here's the catch. They are going to give you the same contract and charge you the same price whether you get the "free" phone or bring your own. That's what sucks about the wireless industry in the US. Unlike the rest of the world, Americans can't be bothered to buy their own phone and bring it to the carrier for service. Maybe it's because we've got some different wireless standards and there could be confusion (iDEN, CDMA, GSM, etc). More than likely it's because the wireless carriers know they can make out like bandits otherwise.
The coupling of the phone to the service is inherently wrong and evil. Some carriers (Verizon Wireless) don't even activate phones who's ESNs they don't have in a database. All to "protect the network". Yeah right. If your network is going to go down because I want to use a CDMA cell phone I bought from Sprint a year ago you've got some serious network issues...
At least there is some light at the end of the tunnel. Soon enough cell phone carriers will have to pro-rate early termination fees. It's tough to lock someone into a contract with a $200 early termination fee to cover the cost of the $40 phone you "gave away" almost two years ago.
After looking over some phones on the Nokia website, I thought of all of those "free" phones carriers like to give away.
Here's one for comparison. The Nokia 6085 is offered in the US by AT&T wireless. Their website says it retails for $189.99. My gosh! Oh but don't you worry, as long as you sign up for two years of service (and do so online) we'll discount our $190 phone to $39.99 and then give you a $39.99 discount (you're buying online, remember). OMG! Free phone! See how that works?
Funny enough, Nokia offers the phone (just the phone) on their US website for $118. That means that right off the bat, AT&T wireless is jacking the price of the phone up $60 just for the pleasure of buying it from them.
Some of you might say "Hey, a $60 markup isn't that bad". Yeah right. AT&T wireless is NOT paying $118 for that phone. I wonder how many of them they sell and what kind of special pricing Nokia gives them. Probably not even close. Probably not even half that. I bet AT&T still makes money at the $39.99 price. I also wonder how many they sell at $189.99...
Here's the catch. They are going to give you the same contract and charge you the same price whether you get the "free" phone or bring your own. That's what sucks about the wireless industry in the US. Unlike the rest of the world, Americans can't be bothered to buy their own phone and bring it to the carrier for service. Maybe it's because we've got some different wireless standards and there could be confusion (iDEN, CDMA, GSM, etc). More than likely it's because the wireless carriers know they can make out like bandits otherwise.
The coupling of the phone to the service is inherently wrong and evil. Some carriers (Verizon Wireless) don't even activate phones who's ESNs they don't have in a database. All to "protect the network". Yeah right. If your network is going to go down because I want to use a CDMA cell phone I bought from Sprint a year ago you've got some serious network issues...
At least there is some light at the end of the tunnel. Soon enough cell phone carriers will have to pro-rate early termination fees. It's tough to lock someone into a contract with a $200 early termination fee to cover the cost of the $40 phone you "gave away" almost two years ago.
Nokia isn't ditching SIP
Someone sent me a link to a blog post about Nokia "turning it's back on VoIP". I know I can get pretty emotional from time to time, but at least I'm accurate when I do. At least I feel like I am, and that's all that matters, right?
Anyways, let's look at this post. The author points out that the new N78 and N96 no longer include the Symbian SIP client. This must mean Nokia is finally giving in to pressure from cell carriers in some huge scheme to enslave the mobile phone subscriber and direct all talk time over their network.
Follow up comments clarify the situation a bit. Nokia simply removed the interface to the SIP stack on the N series. It's still in the firmware and available to any third party developers, so the most "threatening" apps (Truphone, Gizmo, etc) will continue to work. People that just want to configure the phone to connect to their corporate/"personal" PBX will be out of luck. I love saying "personal" PBX. I have one. So do many of my friends. How geeky is that?
Why did the N series have a SIP interface in the first place? Anyone who has ever read my iPhone review knows that I believe teenagers and hipsters control a large chunk of the cellphone market which breaks down into three parts:
- Free (throw away) phones for moms, grandparents, and kids. Sign up for a two year contract and they're yours to keep! What a deal.
- Flashy phones for teenagers and hipsters (it's a better MP3 player/camera than phone)
- Serious business phones (Blackberry, Windows Mobile, most Symbian, etc)
The N series is (and always has been) a hipster phone. It's more likely to compete with the iPhone than the Blackberry or Nokia E-Series.
Speaking of the E-Series... The new Nokia E-71 still includes the SIP client. Nokia turning it's back on VoIP? I don't think so. Nokia learning a little more about their customers? Much more likely.
Anyways, let's look at this post. The author points out that the new N78 and N96 no longer include the Symbian SIP client. This must mean Nokia is finally giving in to pressure from cell carriers in some huge scheme to enslave the mobile phone subscriber and direct all talk time over their network.
Follow up comments clarify the situation a bit. Nokia simply removed the interface to the SIP stack on the N series. It's still in the firmware and available to any third party developers, so the most "threatening" apps (Truphone, Gizmo, etc) will continue to work. People that just want to configure the phone to connect to their corporate/"personal" PBX will be out of luck. I love saying "personal" PBX. I have one. So do many of my friends. How geeky is that?
Why did the N series have a SIP interface in the first place? Anyone who has ever read my iPhone review knows that I believe teenagers and hipsters control a large chunk of the cellphone market which breaks down into three parts:
- Free (throw away) phones for moms, grandparents, and kids. Sign up for a two year contract and they're yours to keep! What a deal.
- Flashy phones for teenagers and hipsters (it's a better MP3 player/camera than phone)
- Serious business phones (Blackberry, Windows Mobile, most Symbian, etc)
The N series is (and always has been) a hipster phone. It's more likely to compete with the iPhone than the Blackberry or Nokia E-Series.
Speaking of the E-Series... The new Nokia E-71 still includes the SIP client. Nokia turning it's back on VoIP? I don't think so. Nokia learning a little more about their customers? Much more likely.
Thursday, August 7, 2008
OpenSER Update
I just got a very interesting Anonymous comment to my last post. One of my BIG questions was answered:
Kamailio or OpenSIPS?
For me that question was answered - OpenSIPS. Star2Star has purchased a block of consulting time from Voice System for OpenSER support. We used it once to flush out a bug in OpenSER 1.2. Other than that we have it for a little business security. It's nice to have an official avenue for support. Plus we like (financially) supporting Open Source software. It gives us so much, we should give a little back.
Anyways, this last post makes it pretty clear: OpenSIPS is Voice System's product. That's all I needed to hear. Thanks Anonymous commenter/blog reader!
Kamailio or OpenSIPS?
For me that question was answered - OpenSIPS. Star2Star has purchased a block of consulting time from Voice System for OpenSER support. We used it once to flush out a bug in OpenSER 1.2. Other than that we have it for a little business security. It's nice to have an official avenue for support. Plus we like (financially) supporting Open Source software. It gives us so much, we should give a little back.
Anyways, this last post makes it pretty clear: OpenSIPS is Voice System's product. That's all I needed to hear. Thanks Anonymous commenter/blog reader!
Tuesday, August 5, 2008
More OpenSER Drama
My last rant on this blog covered the OpenSER name change to Kamailio. It's pretty obvious how I felt about it and it's even more obvious how upset (for lack of a better word) I was with the selection of the new name.
These new developments make a name change pale in comparison. This time I have something much more serious to fret over:
There has been a fork of OpenSER.
First some history. OpenSER started life as SER. Some time ago OpenSER was forked from SER for good reason (and a common one) - the company "sponsoring" the development of SER didn't understand Open Source. Community input was ignored. Patches took forever to be applied. IPTel just didn't get it. The developers (just about all of them) set out on their own to form OpenSER and create an Open Source friendly company to serve the needs of the OpenSER community - paid support, development, consulting, etc.
Almost everyone I know has (by now) abondoned SER and moved to OpenSER. Which is good because this fork (like any other) created a certain amount of fragmentation in the community:
- documentation
- support (mailing lists, etc)
- thirdy party support
- name recognition
Even with the SER and OpenSER projects generally moving in the same direction it was clear they couldn't be treated the same. Various changes were introduced in the configuration for each piece of software. They were (and are) mostly trivial, but you can't simply move an OpenSER configuration to a SER system (or vice-versa). You also can't ask an OpenSER question on a SER list (obviously). Granted most people are subscribed to both and can provide expertise on either product but it still creates a headache for the user - fragmentation of expertise, documentation, support, etc.
As I've said this doesn't seem to be that much of a problem anymore. OpenSER (Kamailio) is clearly where it's at. It's hard for me to describe how much respect I have for this software and it's developers. It is one of the most impressive products I have ever come across. It does what it is designed to do better than just about anything else I've ever seen.
As I have come to use OpenSER more and understand it better the activist in me begins to emerge. I feel pain anytime I see someone use a product where OpenSER could clearly do the job better. OpenSER doesn't get as much credit or use as it should. I can only theorize why this is but I do know one thing:
Forking doesn't help.
Any traction (that's for you, JJ) OpenSER has made over the last few years is being seriously threatened by these political shenanigans. In the last month or so I've reviewed the first OpenSER book and solicted OpenSER contributions for the upcoming O'Reilly Asterisk Cookbook. I was starting to feel like OpenSER was finally headed towards getting the exposure it deserves.
Most developers probably don't care about these things (exposure). They should, and if they don't the project admins should. And if they don't the biz guys at the company sponsoring the development should. Here's why.
Exposure/"traction":
- Attracts more users
-- More users for testing, bug reports, etc
-- More users to write documentation
-- More users to create revenue for the sponsoring company (consulting, etc)
- Attracts more developers. Open Source development is largely ego driven and the larger and more visible the project, the more developers (both good and bad) you attract.
- Attracts more third party interest in the project. Open Source software has a lot of holes for real business use. There is a huge potential for third party projects for OpenSER. Billing systems, desktop call managers, GUIs, etc.
Neither the SER community, OpenSER community, or OpenSIPS community are large enough to sustain this fragmentation. Sure they very well might survive but they won't be what they should.
Now what? There is an OpenSER book, but no OpenSER. There is Kamailio. I hope %100 of the users figure that out. I hope the publisher of the existing OpenSER book figures out how to deal with that. What happens if everyone (well, almost everyone) bails on OpenSER/Kamailio and moves to OpenSIPS? Now anyone providing support for these other OSPs (Open Source Proxies) has to decide which they will support. SER? Kamailio? OpenSIPS? All of them? None of them? That's what worries me.
I haven't decided what I'm going to do. I still use and recommend OpenSER 1.2 so none of this affects me - yet. Of course I'll be watching this closely. I will tell you one thing... I like the name OpenSIPS more than Kamailio...
These new developments make a name change pale in comparison. This time I have something much more serious to fret over:
There has been a fork of OpenSER.
First some history. OpenSER started life as SER. Some time ago OpenSER was forked from SER for good reason (and a common one) - the company "sponsoring" the development of SER didn't understand Open Source. Community input was ignored. Patches took forever to be applied. IPTel just didn't get it. The developers (just about all of them) set out on their own to form OpenSER and create an Open Source friendly company to serve the needs of the OpenSER community - paid support, development, consulting, etc.
Almost everyone I know has (by now) abondoned SER and moved to OpenSER. Which is good because this fork (like any other) created a certain amount of fragmentation in the community:
- documentation
- support (mailing lists, etc)
- thirdy party support
- name recognition
Even with the SER and OpenSER projects generally moving in the same direction it was clear they couldn't be treated the same. Various changes were introduced in the configuration for each piece of software. They were (and are) mostly trivial, but you can't simply move an OpenSER configuration to a SER system (or vice-versa). You also can't ask an OpenSER question on a SER list (obviously). Granted most people are subscribed to both and can provide expertise on either product but it still creates a headache for the user - fragmentation of expertise, documentation, support, etc.
As I've said this doesn't seem to be that much of a problem anymore. OpenSER (Kamailio) is clearly where it's at. It's hard for me to describe how much respect I have for this software and it's developers. It is one of the most impressive products I have ever come across. It does what it is designed to do better than just about anything else I've ever seen.
As I have come to use OpenSER more and understand it better the activist in me begins to emerge. I feel pain anytime I see someone use a product where OpenSER could clearly do the job better. OpenSER doesn't get as much credit or use as it should. I can only theorize why this is but I do know one thing:
Forking doesn't help.
Any traction (that's for you, JJ) OpenSER has made over the last few years is being seriously threatened by these political shenanigans. In the last month or so I've reviewed the first OpenSER book and solicted OpenSER contributions for the upcoming O'Reilly Asterisk Cookbook. I was starting to feel like OpenSER was finally headed towards getting the exposure it deserves.
Most developers probably don't care about these things (exposure). They should, and if they don't the project admins should. And if they don't the biz guys at the company sponsoring the development should. Here's why.
Exposure/"traction":
- Attracts more users
-- More users for testing, bug reports, etc
-- More users to write documentation
-- More users to create revenue for the sponsoring company (consulting, etc)
- Attracts more developers. Open Source development is largely ego driven and the larger and more visible the project, the more developers (both good and bad) you attract.
- Attracts more third party interest in the project. Open Source software has a lot of holes for real business use. There is a huge potential for third party projects for OpenSER. Billing systems, desktop call managers, GUIs, etc.
Neither the SER community, OpenSER community, or OpenSIPS community are large enough to sustain this fragmentation. Sure they very well might survive but they won't be what they should.
Now what? There is an OpenSER book, but no OpenSER. There is Kamailio. I hope %100 of the users figure that out. I hope the publisher of the existing OpenSER book figures out how to deal with that. What happens if everyone (well, almost everyone) bails on OpenSER/Kamailio and moves to OpenSIPS? Now anyone providing support for these other OSPs (Open Source Proxies) has to decide which they will support. SER? Kamailio? OpenSIPS? All of them? None of them? That's what worries me.
I haven't decided what I'm going to do. I still use and recommend OpenSER 1.2 so none of this affects me - yet. Of course I'll be watching this closely. I will tell you one thing... I like the name OpenSIPS more than Kamailio...
Monday, July 28, 2008
OpenSER Name Change
OpenSER has changed their name to Kamailio.
Name changes are tough. This name change is especially tough and dare I even say, personally frustrating.
Working with Star2Star is tough. We have a revolutionary architecture. We operate very differently from most other providers. Heck, we operate differently than most other companies! Don't get me wrong, this is one of the many things I like about us. That's why we're changing what people think about phone (communications) companies.
One of the main drawbacks of these differences (read: advantages) is working with legacy telco. Whether it's legacy telco people, equipment, process, or organization, I have had many, many frustrating clashes with telecom. Frustrations with technology excite me. Frustrations with people drive me crazy. People can't be fixed as easily.
This name change only exacerbates what I see as an already BIG problem. How am I going to talk to veteran telecom executives about a product who's name I can't even pronounce? Even if I do learn how to pronounce it I'll never get past it's awkwardness.
I am very proud of OpenSER. OpenSER has been crucial in making Star2Star what it is. OpenSER is amazing and I have the utmost respect for everyone involved with the project.
I am ashamed of Kamailio. Same project. Same people. Same awesome, quality software. It just doesn't feel the same. Unfortunately this is my emotional reaction to this name change. I can't help how I feel and I'm sure other people (like Alex) feel the same way.
OpenSER is a phenomenal piece of software that commands respect. It's name should too.
Maybe we'll start a new "support" mailing list. Not for people needing technical support for OpenSER/Kamailio, but support for those of us who have been personally affected by this name change.
Wow, now I'm just being dramatic!
Name changes are tough. This name change is especially tough and dare I even say, personally frustrating.
Working with Star2Star is tough. We have a revolutionary architecture. We operate very differently from most other providers. Heck, we operate differently than most other companies! Don't get me wrong, this is one of the many things I like about us. That's why we're changing what people think about phone (communications) companies.
One of the main drawbacks of these differences (read: advantages) is working with legacy telco. Whether it's legacy telco people, equipment, process, or organization, I have had many, many frustrating clashes with telecom. Frustrations with technology excite me. Frustrations with people drive me crazy. People can't be fixed as easily.
This name change only exacerbates what I see as an already BIG problem. How am I going to talk to veteran telecom executives about a product who's name I can't even pronounce? Even if I do learn how to pronounce it I'll never get past it's awkwardness.
I am very proud of OpenSER. OpenSER has been crucial in making Star2Star what it is. OpenSER is amazing and I have the utmost respect for everyone involved with the project.
I am ashamed of Kamailio. Same project. Same people. Same awesome, quality software. It just doesn't feel the same. Unfortunately this is my emotional reaction to this name change. I can't help how I feel and I'm sure other people (like Alex) feel the same way.
OpenSER is a phenomenal piece of software that commands respect. It's name should too.
Maybe we'll start a new "support" mailing list. Not for people needing technical support for OpenSER/Kamailio, but support for those of us who have been personally affected by this name change.
Wow, now I'm just being dramatic!
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